If you have heard about EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) in conversations about therapy, you might have questions. What exactly is it? How does it work? And why is it so often associated with trauma? At first glance, EMDR can seem mysterious — even a bit unconventional — but it's an evidence-based therapy grounded in science and backed by decades of research. Let's unpack what EMDR is, how it works, and why it might be worth considering as part of your mental health journey.
What Is EMDR?
EMDR is a therapeutic approach designed to help people process and heal from distressing or traumatic experiences. It was developed in the late 1980s by Dr. Francine Shapiro, who noticed that specific eye movements reduced the emotional intensity of troubling memories. Over time, this observation evolved into a structured, eight-phase therapy model used worldwide.
While EMDR is best known for treating PTSD, it's increasingly being used for other conditions, including anxiety, depression, phobias, and chronic pain. The goal of EMDR is to help clients reprocess memories or beliefs that are stuck in their minds and bodies, reducing their emotional charge and enabling healthier responses in the present.
How Does EMDR Work?
One of the most unique aspects of EMDR is its use of bilateral stimulation (BLS) — often in the form of guided eye movements, tapping, or auditory tones. This stimulation is paired with focused attention on distressing memories, thoughts, or sensations.
Here's a simplified version of how it works:
The therapist helps the client identify a troubling memory or belief causing distress.
While focusing on this memory, the client engages in bilateral stimulation, such as following the therapist's finger as it moves back and forth.
Over time, the emotional intensity of the memory diminishes, and new, more adaptive perspectives emerge.
For example, a person who believes "I'm unsafe" due to a past traumatic experience might, through EMDR, begin to internalize the belief, "I am safe now."
Why Does EMDR Work?
The exact mechanisms of EMDR are still being studied, but there are a few theories:
Memory Reprocessing: EMDR helps move distressing memories from a reactive, emotional part of the brain (the amygdala) to a more logical, contextual part (the prefrontal cortex).
Desensitization: By repeatedly recalling a memory while engaging in bilateral stimulation, the emotional charge linked to the memory decreases.
Dual Attention: Focusing on the memory while engaging in BLS might create a state similar to REM sleep, where the brain naturally processes and integrates information.
Debunking Common Myths About EMDR
Despite its growing popularity, EMDR is sometimes misunderstood. Let's clear up some of the most common myths:
Myth 1: EMDR is Hypnosis
EMDR is not hypnosis. You remain fully awake, aware, and in control throughout the session. Bilateral stimulation is merely a tool that helps your brain process memories.
Myth 2: EMDR Erases Memories
EMDR doesn't erase memories; it changes how they're stored and experienced. You'll still remember the events, but they won't feel as overwhelming or triggering.
Myth 3: EMDR is a Quick Fix
While some people experience relief in just a few sessions, EMDR is not a one-size-fits-all solution. The process can take time, especially for complex or long-standing issues.
Myth 4: EMDR is Only for Trauma
While it's highly effective for trauma, EMDR is also used for other issues like performance anxiety, low self-esteem, and even chronic pain.
Who Can Benefit from EMDR?
EMDR is suitable for many people, but it's especially helpful for those who:
Feel stuck in recurring patterns of distress or negative beliefs.
Struggle with unresolved trauma or grief.
Experience anxiety, phobias, or other mental health challenges.
It's important to work with a trained EMDR therapist who can assess your readiness for this approach and guide you through the process safely.
Is EMDR Right for You?
If you are curious about EMDR, the best first step is to talk to a qualified therapist.
Healing isn't about forgetting the past but reclaiming your present. If you're ready to take that step, EMDR might be the tool you've been looking for. You can contact Jodi Kunz, a certified EMDR therapist, at jodi@sensuscounselling.ca
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